gmp | 柏林国立图书馆(汉斯·夏隆作品）修复改造设计竞赛方案

面向皮亚诺湖的读者露台© gmp Architects

gmp·冯·格康，玛格及合伙人建筑师事务所在柏林国立图书馆(汉斯·夏隆作品)修复改造设计竞赛中荣获一等奖。竞赛评委会认为，gmp的方案完全符合这座金色的“书之舟”对21世纪全新开放式图书馆的要求，设计保持了这座学术性图书馆在建筑美学上的高品质，同时加强了公众开放度和透明度。

The architects von Gerkan, Marg and Partners (gmp) have been awarded first prize in the competition for the modernization and restructuring of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin from Hans Scharoun. The jury found that the design for the golden "ship of books" meets the demands of new, open libraries in the 21st century while at the same time preserving and again revealing the outstanding architectural qualities of this important academic library. 

德国联邦建筑暨区域规划局受普鲁士文化遗产基金会之托，邀请14家国际知名建筑事务所参加了此次非公开竞赛，意在对位于波茨坦大街的柏林国立图书馆进行改建及符合建筑文物保护原则的基本修复，gmp·冯·格康，玛格及合伙人建筑师事务所在这次竞赛中脱颖而出，拔得头筹。竞赛评委会认为，gmp的设计胜在对公共空间的扩展——在继承夏隆原作精神的同时，满足了现代开放式图书馆的各种功能要求。

On behalf of the Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz (Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation), the Federal Office for Building and Regional Planning had invited fourteen international architectural firms to a restricted competition for the comprehensive and landmark-conform repair and restructuring of the Potsdamer Straße branch of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin (Berlin State Library), in which the architects von Gerkan, Marg und Partners (gmp) were awarded first prize for their design. The jury saw it as a strength of the design that additional space is gained by expanding the areas that are freely accessible to the public – thereby doing equal justice to Scharoun's original concept and the demands of a contemporary, open library.

柏林国立图书馆 via 维基百科用户 Da Flow

位于波茨坦大街的柏林国立图书馆坐落于柏林的蒂尔加藤区。作为柏林文化广场的一部分，这座图书馆是汉斯·夏隆的代表作，并由其学生及合伙人埃德加·维斯涅维斯基主持完成。图书馆建于1967至1978年间，由于其造型如同一艘在书海扬帆的航船，因此又被形象地称为“书之舟”。这座学术性图书馆的学术出版物与特种书馆藏十分丰富，素来享有国际盛誉。柏林国立图书馆为文物保护建筑，是战后现代主义的代表作。柏林爱乐厅毗邻文化广场，为汉斯·夏隆的另一作品，与国立图书馆遥相呼应。

The Potsdamer Straße branch of the Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin is located in Berlin's Tiergarten district. As part of Berlin's Kulturforum, the so-called Bücherschiff, or "ship of books", was built from 1967 to 1978 according to plans by the architect Hans Scharoun, with decisive input from his employee Edgar Wisniewski. With its significant holdings of scholarly and scientific literature and its valuable collections, the research library has national and international significance far beyond Berlin's borders. The building is protected by landmark status and is considered an icon of postwar modernism. The Berliner Philharmonie is another prominent building by Hans Scharoun in the immediate vicinity, also on the Kulturforum.

面向展区的主门厅© gmp Architects

位于二层的大堂空间© gmp Architects

21世纪的图书馆不再是单纯的图书收藏、信息收集与传输地点。现代图书馆更强调为信息社会的市民提供公共空间，成为民众进行信息交流、讨论社会议题的场所。

Libraries in the 21st century will be more than just book stacks and places for obtaining and imparting knowledge. They increasingly serve as public spaces for the urban community and knowledge society, acting as addresses for exchange and socially relevant debate. 

“我们的目标是，除了进行符合建筑文物保护原则的基本维修外，还将对图书馆的公共区域进行新的思考和探索，使其满足当下要求，为图书馆读者打造高质量的使用及停留空间。” (施特凡·胥茨, gmp合伙人)

"In addition to a carrying out a comprehensive overhaul with historic preservation in mind, our design sets itself the goal of rethinking the public areas of the library and generating contemporary qualities of use and occupancy." (Stephan Schütz, gmp Partner )

与此同时，夏隆原建筑的发展脉络将予以清晰地保留，包括其原创性和独特性。因此，对建筑文物保护的关注及今后的整修对本项目有着极其重要的意义。

The special history of the Scharoun building's development should thereby remain legible – thus preserving its authenticity and identity. In this context, the interests of heritage conservation are of outstanding importance in the design and subsequent restoration.

首层流线及安检轴测图© gmp Architects

二层流线及安检轴测图© gmp Architects

新方案将实现场地内的无障碍通行。图书馆大厅将重新规划，在建筑东侧将原有的大型办公区扩展成为公共空间。一座可容纳140名访客的咖啡馆位于大厅东北角的新入口处，直接面向玛琳·黛德丽广场。朝南的读者露台临水而立，消融了内外边界，使室内室外空间和谐地融为一体。面向城市的入口以当前的市政规划为参照点。根据初建时的空间方案添设家具和柜台，将大大活跃首层的氛围。大厅将扩建成为展厅，可在此举办藏书展。除了传统的阅览室、团体工作室外，还将增设新的活动室、工作坊及非正式的小型工作区等多样化空间。

The redesigned building will be barrier-free. The lobby will be reorganized, and the former open-plan office in the eastern part of the building will be expanded into a publicly accessible area. Next to the new entrance at the northeast corner of the lobby, directly opposite Marlene-Dietrich-Platz, will be a cafeteria with 140 seats; south-facing reading terraces with views of an expanse of water located there establish fluid transitions between inside and outside. This opening out to the city is a response to the present-day urban conditions. The ground floor is also further enlivened by the placement of fixed and movable furniture that revives the building's original spatial concept. The lobby will be expanded to include an exhibition from the collections. In addition to the conventional reading room and the rooms for group study, new event spaces, workshop areas, and informal work islands offer diversified spatial options.

迪特里希·潘霍华大厅剖透视图© gmp Architects

另外，图书馆的上层入口安检改设在阅览室楼梯口处，这也将大大扩展公共活动区域。位于此处的大堂将重新成为公共空间，南侧的入口楼梯也将重新启用，再现昔日光彩。为了优化声学效果，所有噪音较大的功能都安排在大厅之外的独立空间内。

Further substantial expansion of the freely accessible areas is achieved by relocating the access control to the first floor, just in front of the reading room stairs. By doing so, the lobby space there is regained as public space and the southern entrance stair is given new life. Finally, the acoustic conditions are improved by moving noisy activities to separate rooms away from the lobby.

设计竞赛：2019年一等奖

设计：曼哈德·冯·格康和施特凡·胥茨及克雷斯汀·赫尔蒙特

竞赛阶段项目负责人：克雷斯汀·赫尔蒙特

竞赛阶段设计团队：Anna von Aulock，包望韬，StephanieBrendel, Marta Busnelli, Jan Peter Deml, Anna Jordan, Tobias Schmidt, KristinSchoyerer, Nadja Stachowski, 汤子泓, Thilo Zehme

专业顾问：Larissa Sabottka, 建筑历史学家 /Dr. Klaus Werner, 柏林自由大学语文学图书馆馆长/ Tobias Behrens, ADA Acoustics & MediaConsultants GmbH, 声学顾问

业主：德国联邦建筑暨区域规划局(受托于普鲁士文化遗产基金会)

Competition 2019, 1st prize

Design Meinhard von Gerkan and Stephan Schütz with Christian Hellmund

Project leader competition Anna von Aulock

Competition design team Bao Wangtao, Stephanie Brendel, Marta Busnelli, Jan Peter Deml, Anna Jordan, Tobias Schmidt, Kristin Schoyerer, Nadja Stachowski, Tang Zihong, Thilo Zehme

Expert consultants Larissa Sabottka, Pro Denkmal, Architectural Historian/ Dr. Klaus Werner, FU Berlin, Director Philological Library / Tobias Behrens,ADA Acoustics & Media Consultants GmbH, Architectural Acoustician

Client FederalOffice for Building and Regional Planning (BBR) on behalf of the StiftungPreußischer Kulturbesitz (Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation)

总平面图 © gmp Architekten

门厅流线图 © gmp Architekten

露台景观图解© gmp Architekten

首层门厅平面图© gmp Architekten

二层门厅平面图© gmp Architekten

东西向剖面图© gmp Architekten